Section 24 BNS 2023 explained in Hinglish: voluntary intoxication law, involuntary intoxication defense, Section 86 IPC new law, and criminal intentio

Section 24 BNS 2023 Intoxication and Criminal Liability 

(Voluntary Intoxication Law | Involuntary Intoxication Defense | Section 86 IPC New Law | Criminal Intention vs Knowledge | Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Explained)

Section 24 BNS 2023 Intoxication and Criminal Liability 

Introduction: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Explained

Chaliy jante hai bns ke section 24 kya kehta hai ,India ke criminal law system me ek historic change hua jab Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023 ne Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 ko replace kiya. Ye sirf ek legal replacement nahi hai, balki criminal justice system ko modern, simple aur logical banane ki ek strong initiative hai.

BNS ke kai provisions IPC se inspired hain, lekin unki language aur structure ko modern context ke according reshape kiya gaya hai. Inhi provisions me se ek bahut important provision hai Section 24 BNS 2023, jo directly deal karta hai:

Intoxication and Criminal Liability

Ye section pehle Section 86 IPC ke naam se jaana jaata tha, jo ab Section 24 BNS ke roop me exist karta hai. Iska main focus hai:

• Voluntary intoxication law

• Involuntary intoxication defense

• Criminal intention vs knowledge

• Intoxication and criminal liability

Section 24 BNS 2023: Legal Foundation

Section 24 BNS 2023 ka basic legal principle yeh kehta hai:

Agar koi person voluntarily intoxicated hai aur wo koi aisa offence karta hai jisme knowledge ya intention required hai, to law ye presume karega ki us person ko knowledge thi, chahe wo nashe me hi kyun na ho.

Lekin:

Intention automatically presume nahi ki jaati.
Intention ko prosecution ko prove karna hota hai.

Ye concept Section 86 IPC new law ka direct continuation hai, jahan same legal logic apply hota tha.

Voluntary Intoxication Law (Khud Se Nasha Karna)

Meaning

Voluntary intoxication ka matlab hota hai:

• Apni marzi se sharab peena

• Drugs lena

• Koi bhi intoxicating substance consume karna

Isme koi force, fraud ya deception nahi hota — person khud decide karta hai.

Legal Position under BNS Intoxication Provision

Section 24 BNS 2023 ke under:

 Knowledge presumed
 Intention not presumed

Iska matlab:

• Law maan leta hai ki accused ko apne act ke consequences ka andaza tha

• Lekin ye automatically nahi maana jaata ki uska crime karne ka iraada (intention) tha

          Isi ko kehte hain Criminal intention vs knowledge ka principle.

Intoxication and Criminal Liability

Criminal law me liability decide karte waqt do main mental elements dekhe jaate hain:

1. Mens Rea (Guilty Mind)

2. Actus Reus (Guilty Act)

Nashe ke case me problem hoti hai mens rea ko prove karna. Isi liye Section 24 BNS ek balanced approach follow karta hai:

Law ka approach:

• Knowledge → presume hoti hai

• Intention → proof required hota hai

Iska matlab:
Agar crime me sirf knowledge required hai → accused liable
Agar crime me specific intention required hai → prosecution ko strong evidence dena hoga

Criminal Intention vs Knowledge (Core Concept)

Knowledge (Jaankari)

Knowledge ka matlab:

Person ko pata tha ki uske act ke kya consequences ho sakte hain

Example:
Knife se kisi par attack karna → knowledge hai ki injury ya death ho sakti hai

Intention (Iraada)

Intention ka matlab:

Person ka clear purpose tha crime commit karne ka

Example:
Plan bana kar kisi ko maarna → clear intention

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Legal Difference Table

Point	Knowledge	Intention
Meaning	Consequences ka andaza	Crime ka clear iraada
Presumption	Voluntary intoxication me presume hoti hai	Presume nahi hoti
Proof	Law maan leta hai	Prosecution ko prove karna hota hai
Liability	Easily fix hoti hai	Evidence based hoti hai

---

Involuntary Intoxication Defense

Meaning

Involuntary intoxication ka matlab hota hai:

• Bina jaane nashe ki cheez de di gayi

• Zabardasti drug/alcohol pilaya gaya

• Fraud ya deception se intoxicate kiya gaya

Legal Position

Section 24 BNS yahan apply nahi hota.
Is situation me accused ke paas ek strong defense hota hai, jise kehte hain:

Involuntary intoxication defense

Is case me accused yeh keh sakta hai:

• Mujhe na knowledge thi

• Na intention

• Na control

Section 86 IPC New Law vs Section 24 BNS 2023

Continuity of Law

IPC	BNS
Section 86 IPC	Section 24 BNS
Old law	New law
Same principle	Same principle
Same legal logic	Same legal logic

Sirf numbering aur language change hui hai, concept same hai.

BNS Intoxication Provision: Legal Philosophy

Section 24 BNS ek moral aur legal philosophy par based hai:

“Jo insaan khud se nasha karta hai, wo apni zimmedari se bhaag nahi sakta.”

Law society ko protect karta hai, na ki offender ko excuse deta hai.

Practical Examples

Example 1 (Voluntary Intoxication)

A ne sharab peekar road rage me B par attack kiya.

• Voluntary intoxication

• Dangerous act
  ✔ Knowledge presumed
  ✔ Criminal liability fixed

Example 2 (Intent-Based Crime)

A ne nashe me kisi ko maar diya.

• Knowledge presumed

• Murder ke liye specific intention prove karna hoga
  ✔ Section 24 BNS apply
  ✔ Intention prosecution ko prove karni hogi

Example 3 (Involuntary Intoxication)

A ke drink me secretly drug milayi gayi.
Crime ho gaya.
✔ Involuntary intoxication defense valid
✔ Section 24 BNS not applicable

Why Section 24 BNS 2023 is Important

1. Public Safety

   • Society ko protect karta hai

2. Accountability

   • Voluntary intoxication ko excuse nahi banne deta

3. Legal Balance

   • Knowledge presume karta hai

   • Intention proof maangta hai

4. Justice System Integrity

   • False defenses ko block karta hai

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Explained (Modern Perspective)

BNS 2023 ka objective sirf law change karna nahi hai, balki:

• Criminal justice ko rational banana

• Accountability fix karna

• Victim-centric approach lana

• Society protection ko priority dena

Section 24 BNS isi vision ka ek perfect example hai. section 25

Conclusion

Section 24 BNS 2023 ek powerful provision hai jo clearly establish karta hai ki

Voluntary intoxication law ke under koi bhi person
apni marzi se nasha karke
criminal liability se bach nahi sakta.

Law:

• Knowledge presume karta hai

• Intention ka proof maangta hai

• Involuntary intoxication defense ko protect karta hai

• Criminal intention vs knowledge ka clear distinction banata hai

• Intoxication and criminal liability ko balanced way me define karta hai

Ye section fairness and  firmness ka perfect combination hai. Next section